Islamic bronze 1194-1218 Large dirham of Abu Bakr I , Mayyafariqin mint, Ayyubid Dynasty

Ayyubids (Main line in Cairo). al-‘Adil Abu Bakr I. AH 591-615 / AD 1194-1218. Æ Dirham (30mm, 9.77 grams). Mayyafariqin mint. Dated AH 591 (AD 1194/5). Balog 340; Album 809. 

The Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1260 CE) was a powerful Muslim dynasty founded by Saladin (Salah al-Din), who united Egypt, Syria, and much of the surrounding Middle East under his rule. The dynasty is best remembered for its wars against the Crusaders, particularly Saladin’s recapture of Jerusalem in 1187. Following his death in 1193, the empire was divided among his relatives, creating several semi-independent principalities in Egypt, Syria, and Mesopotamia. Despite frequent internal conflicts, the Ayyubids promoted trade, scholarship, and Islamic culture. Their rule in Egypt ended with the Mamluk takeover in 1250, while several Ayyubid branches survived in Syria and Mesopotamia for decades afterward.

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